Kids in Their Own Diabetes Care .293. Chapter 19: Ten Commandments for Good Diabetes Management .301 Understanding What Type 1 Diabetes Is (and Isn’t).12 …
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Contents at a Glance
Introduction 1
Chapter 1: Dealing with Type 1 Diabetes 11 Chapter 2: Recognizing Type 1 Diabetes 19 Chapter 3: Excluding Other Types of Diabetes31
Chapter 4: Overcoming Short-Term Complications45 Chapter 5: Preventing Long-Term Complications 61 Chapter 6: Handling Emotional Effects83
Part III: Treating Type 1 Diabetes97
Chapter 7: Undergoing Essential Tests and Monitoring Blood Glucose99 Chapter 8: Eating a Healthy Diet127 Chapter 9: Exercising to Improve Control of Type 1 Diabetes 151 Chapter 10: Understanding the Basics of Using Insulin 171 Chapter 11: Delivering Insulin with a Pump193 Chapter 12: Getting a Grip on Other Drugs and Treatments 207 Chapter 13: Surveying Kidney, Pancreas, and Pancreatic Islet Transplants 221
Part IV: Living with Type 1 Diabetes237
Chapter 14: Adjusting to School, Work, and Other Activities239 Chapter 15: Managing Illness and Travel 251 Chapter 16: Going through Pregnancy and Menopause261 Chapter 17: Controlling Type 1 Diabetes in the Elderly 277
Part V: The Part of Tens 291
Chapter 18: Ten Ways to Involve Kids in Their Own Diabetes Care 293 Chapter 19: Ten Commandments for Good
Diabetes Management 301 Chapter 20: Ten Myths about Type 1 Diabetes309 Chapter 21: Ten of the Latest Discoveries in Type 1 Diabetes 317
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Part II: Considering the Consequences of Type 1 Diabetes43
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Part I: Defining Type 1 Diabetes9
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Part VI: Appendixes 325
Appendix A: Glossary 327 Appendix B: Resources for the Latest Information335
Index 343
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Table of Contents
Introduction 1
About This Book1 Conventions Used in This Book 2 What Youre Not to Read3 Foolish Assumptions 3 How This Book Is Organized4 Part I: Defining Type 1 Diabetes 4 Part II: Considering the Consequences of Type 1 Diabetes 4 Part III: Treating Type 1 Diabetes 5 Part IV: Living with Type 1 Diabetes 5 Part V: The Part of Tens6 Part VI: Appendixes6 Icons Used in This Book7 Where to Go from Here7
Part I: Defining Type 1 Diabetes 9
Chapter 1: Dealing with Type 1 Diabetes 11
Understanding What Type 1 Diabetes Is and Isnt12 Handling the Physical and Emotional Consequences of Type 1 Diabetes 13 Treating Type 1 Diabetes Effectively 14 Undergoing regular testing14 Eating
wisely 15 Exercising for more control 15 Taking insulin 16 Using other medications and treatments16 Deciding to transplant 16 Living Well with Type 1 Diabetes 17 Handling school, work, and other daily activities17 Adjusting to sick days and travel 17 Getting through pregnancy and menopause 18 Aging with type 1 diabetes 18
Chapter 2: Recognizing Type 1 Diabetes 19
Understanding How Type 1 Diabetes Works 19 Distinguishing between controlled and uncontrolled glucose21 Triggering type 1 diabetes24 Checking Out the Statistics on Who Gets Type 1 Diabetes 25 Rates among different places and races25 Rates in children versus adults 26 Rates in families with members who have type 1 diabetes 26
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Making a Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes 27 Surveying the symptoms and undergoing testing 27 Gathering a group of the right doctors28 Developing key skills after the diagnosis 29
Chapter 3: Excluding Other Types of Diabetes 31
Distinguishing Type 2 and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes from Type 1 Diabetes 31 Type 2 diabetes32 Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults LADA35 Delving into Diabetes
Caused by Other Diseases and Agents 36 Considering hormone-induced causes of diabetes36 Examining diabetes caused by destructive diseases of the pancreas40 Discovering drugs and chemicals that may cause or worsen diabetes 42
Part II: Considering the Consequences of Type 1 Diabetes 43
Chapter 4: Overcoming Short-Term Complications 45
Managing Low Blood Glucose: Hypoglycemia46 Determining the cause46 Recognizing the symptoms 48 Distinguishing the severity levels of hypoglycemia 49 Understanding hypoglycemic unawareness 51 Preventing and treating hypoglycemia52 Dealing with Very High Blood Glucose: Diabetic Ketoacidosis55 Considering some potential causes 56 Surveying the symptoms57 Preventing and treating diabetic ketoacidosis 58
Chapter 5: Preventing Long-Term Complications 61
Focusing on Eye Disease 62 Background retinopathy64 Proliferative retinopathy 65 Coping with Kidney Disease 66 The effects of uncontrolled diabetes on the kidneys 67 Preventing kidney disease69 Treating kidney disease if prevention fails 70 Knowing about Nerve Disease71 Disorders of sensation 72 Disorders of movement mononeuropathy74 Disorders of automatic autonomic nerves 75
Macrovascular Complications: Protecting Your Heart76
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Considering Associated Diseases 78 Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism78 Skin disease80 Celiac disease 81
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Chapter 6: Handling Emotional Effects 83
Coming to Terms with the Diagnosis83 Knowing that your child is in good company84 Encouraging positive coping skills85 Realizing that Type 1 Diabetes Is a Family Disease 87 Getting a grip on general guidelines for parents 87 Caring for children of all ages 89 Helping siblings be understanding92 Handling Issues of Self-Esteem 93 Busting myths about having a chronic disease93 Clearing up fears about having special needs 94 Maintaining a High Quality of Life95
Part III: Treating Type 1 Diabetes 97
Chapter 7: Undergoing Essential Tests and Monitoring Blood Glucose 99
Doing Key Tests at the Doctors Office100 Foot problems101 Blood pressure102 Weight and height103 Hemoglobin A1c 105 GlycoMark 108 Thyroid functions109 Microalbuminuria 110 Eye problems 111 Cholesterol 111 The Basics of Testing Blood Glucose at Home113 Deciding on the frequency of
testing114 Performing the test 115 Testing away from the finger 116 Selecting a Home Blood Glucose Meter 116 Considering a few factors when choosing a meter 117 Using a typical data management system118 Surveying standard blood glucose meters 120 Checking out meters for continuous glucose monitoring124
Chapter 8: Eating a Healthy Diet 127
Carbohydrates: The Energy Source with the Biggest Impact on Blood Glucose 128 Getting a grip on the glycemic index 129 Filling up with fiber 132
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Carbohydrate counting 132 Other tips for managing carbohydrate intake 134 Looking at Other Sources of Energy 135 Protein 135 Fat136 Getting Enough Vitamins, Minerals, and Water137 Vitamins138 Minerals 139 Water 140 Understanding Diet Challenges at Every Age 140 Focusing on Other Food Factors141 Using sugar substitutes 142 Considering fast food143 Choosing a vegetarian diet146 Handling Eating Disorders 146 Different types of disorders 147 Sources of help 149
Chapter 9: Exercising to Improve Control of Type 1 Diabetes 151
The Benefits of Exercise for People with Type 1 Diabetes 152 Taking
Care Before Starting an Exercise Program 153 Talking to the doctor153 Deciding to devote an hour each day 154 Determining how hard to exercise 154 Adjusting insulin usage and following other precautions155 Developing And Sticking to an Exercise Plan 156 Encouraging exercise at all ages156 Choosing an activity 160 Competing against others 162 A good pick for everyone: Walking 10,000 steps a day163 Training with weights 164
Chapter 10: Understanding the Basics of Using Insulin 171
The Purpose and Types of Insulin 172 What does insulin do?172 What are the different types of external insulin? 173 The Details of Insulin Doses 175 Calculating the bolus dose176 Adjusting the basal dose 178 Injecting Insulin 178 Before you begin: Selecting an injection site 179 Syringes and needles 180 Taking or giving a shot181 Insulin pens 184 Insulin infusers 185 Jet injectors186 Avoiding side effects, no matter the method187
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A Major Advance: Inhaled Insulin 187 The limits on potential patients 188 Determining the dose188 Inhaling the insulin190 A few notes on inhaler maintenance and usage 191
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Chapter 11: Delivering
Insulin with a Pump 193
Keeping a Few Considerations in Mind before Using an Insulin Pump193 Using an Insulin Pump Properly195 Taking the right doses 195 Setting temporary doses 197 Changing the needle and insulin 198 Living comfortably with the pump199 Switching from the pump in special cases200 Checking Out Various Insulin Pumps 201 MiniMed Paradigm pumps 201 Accu-Chek Spirit Insulin Pump System203 Animas pumps 203 CozMore Insulin Technology System204 Dana Diabecare II pump204 OmniPod Insulin Management System 205 Choosing the right pump206
Chapter 12: Getting a Grip on Other Drugs and Treatments 207
Boosting Insulins Effect: Pramlintide207 Surveying Different Treatments 209 Acupuncture209 Biofeedback210 Chromium210 Cinnamon 211 Ginseng 211 Vanadium 211 Drinking Alcohol Safely 212 The maximum amount of alcohol allowed212 The dangers of excess alcohol 213 Finding help214 Avoiding Dangerous Drugs215 Prescription medications 215 Tobacco 216 Illegal drugs218
Chapter 13: Surveying Kidney, Pancreas, and Pancreatic Islet Transplants 221
Receiving a New Kidney 222 Recognizing when you need a new kidney222 Knowing
when you cant have a kidney transplant 222 The pros and cons of a kidney transplant 223
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Understanding the costs 223 Undergoing an evaluation 224 Finding a donor, living or deceased 224 The process of surgery and recovery225 Getting a New Pancreas Alone or with a New Kidney 225 Recognizing when you need a new pancreas 226 Knowing when you cant have a pancreas transplant 226 The pros and cons of a pancreas transplant 226 Looking at the costs227 Finding a pancreas donor227 The process of surgery and recovery228 On the Cutting Edge: Pancreatic Islet Transplantation 229 Recognizing when you need islet transplantation 229 Knowing when you cant have an islet transplant 230 The pros and cons of an islet transplant230 Considering the costs 231 The donation of islets 231 The process of surgery and recovery232 Dealing with Continuing Issues after Any Transplant 232 Following up and treating your diabetes233 Checking for long-term complications 233 Avoiding infections233 Being careful with conception 234 Watching out for cancer 234 Finding More Information Online 234
Part IV: Living with Type 1 Diabetes
237
Chapter 14: Adjusting to School, Work, and Other Activities 239
Dealing with Diabetes in School240 Developing a Section 504 Plan 240 Considering an individualized education program242 Handling diabetes in college 242 Living with Diabetes as a Working Adult243 Understanding limits and protections243 The real risk of hypoglycemia in the workplace 244 Taking action if you suspect discrimination related to diabetes245 Working together: Helping employers integrate employees with diabetes 245 Driving Safely with Type 1 Diabetes 247 Tackling Insurance Issues 248 Health insurance 248 Life insurance250
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Table of Contents Chapter 15: Managing Illness and Travel 251
Dealing with Sick Days251 Monitoring the blood glucose252 Measuring blood ketones 253 Modifying the diet 254 Taking medications 255 Traveling with Type 1 Diabetes256 Carrying the necessities 256 Adjusting insulin intake in a different time zone257 Eating sensibly258 Ensuring a smooth journey 259
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Chapter 16: Going through Pregnancy and Menopause 261
Understanding Normal Female Sexual Development 262 Starting before birth 262 Continuing at
puberty and adolescence 262 Controlling Type 1 Diabetes before Conception 263 Handling blood glucose during your menstrual periods 263 Dealing with sexual dysfunction264 Getting a few tests if youre thinking of getting pregnant 264 The risks of conceiving before you have control of T1DM 265 Using contraception until youre under control268 Ensuring a Safe Pregnancy and Delivery269 Using insulin during and after pregnancy 270 Managing your diet 271 Adding exercise 272 Monitoring your baby 272 Dealing with Type 1 Diabetes during Menopause272 Sticking to good habits 273 Considering hormone replacement therapy274
Chapter 17: Controlling Type 1 Diabetes in the Elderly 277
Making a Diagnosis 278 Surveying symptoms 279 Conditions connected to the onset of type 1 diabetes280 Confirming the diagnosis with testing280 Recognizing the Challenges of Managing Type 1 Diabetes in the Elderly281 Realizing how the elderly differ from other patients281 Determining an elderly patients ability to treat his own type 1 diabetes 282 Effectively Treating Type 1 Diabetes in the Elderly283 Medications284 Nutrition 285 Exercise286
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For Dummies
Checking Out Resources for the Elderly with Type 1 Diabetes 287 Government help287 Drug company resources 288
Part V: The Part of Tens 291
Chapter 18: Ten Ways to Involve Kids in Their Own Diabetes Care 293
Set Some Goals for Care with Your Child 294 Show Your Child How to Test His Blood Glucose 294 Shop for Food Together295 Plant a Garden Together 296 Have Your Child Help with the Cooking 296 Exercise as a Family297 Show Your Child How to Administer Insulin 297 Plan a Trip Together 298 Have Your Child Do Household Chores298 Encourage Your Child to Play Video Games Really 299
Chapter 19: Ten Commandments for Good Diabetes Management 301
An Affirmative Attitude 302 Total Testing 302 Extraordinary Eye Care 303 Foolproof Foot Care 303 Mega-Monitoring 304 Dedicated Dieting305 Emphatic Exercising 306 Mindful Medicating 306 Planning for Potential Problems 307 Lifelong Learning308
Chapter 20: Ten Myths about Type 1 Diabetes 309
No Symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes Appear before Damage Has Occurred 310 Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Are the Same 310 You Cant Eat Sugar with Type 1 Diabetes 311 You Have to Eat
Special Foods When You Have Type 1 Diabetes312 If You Take Insulin, You Must Have Type 1 Diabetes 312 Insulin Causes Atherosclerosis 313 Insulin Cures Type 1 Diabetes 313 Youre More Prone to Illness When You Have Type 1 Diabetes 314 Women with Type 1 Diabetes Shouldnt Get Pregnant314 Doctors Are Hiding the Cure for Type 1 Diabetes So They Can Make More Money 315
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Table of Contents Chapter 21: Ten of the Latest Discoveries in Type 1 Diabetes 317
The Development of the GAD Vaccine318 The Possible Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes with Oral Insulin 319 The Possible Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes with Intranasal Insulin 319 The Study of Continuous Glucose Monitoring 320 Contact Lenses That Indicate Your Glucose Level 320 A Drug to Fight Diabetic Neuropathy 321 Drugs to Block the Immunity That Kills Beta Cells321 The Regeneration of Beta Cells with a Protein322 The Infusion of Stem Cells322 The Use of Cord Blood to Regenerate Beta Cells323
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Part VI: Appendixes325
Appendix A: Glossary 327 Appendix B: Resources for the Latest Information 335
My Web Site335 General Web Sites336
Government Web Sites 337 Companies That Make Diabetes Products 338 Glucose meters 338 Lancing devices 339 Insulin 339 Insulin syringes339 Insulin jet injection devices 339 Insulin pumps 340 Recipes for People with Diabetes 340 Web Sites for Diabetes Complications341 Vision 341 Kidneys 342 Diabetic neuropathy 342 Heart disease 342
Index343
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Source:healthlibrary.epnet.com
