DIABETES NUTRITIONAL RESEARCH Magnesium and ascorbic acid supplementation in diabetes mellitus. patients with type 1 diabetes in this cross-sectional …
DIABETES NUTRITIONAL RESEARCH
1 Complementary vascular-protective actions of magnesium and
taurine: a rationale for magnesium taurate
2 Magnesium and ascorbic acid supplementation in diabetes
mellitus
3 Advanced glycation end product-induced activation of NF-kappaB
is suppressed by alpha-lipoic acid in cultured endothelial
cells
4 alpha-Lipoic acid treatment decreases serum lactate and pyruvate
concentrations and improves glucose effectiveness in lean and
obese patients with type 2 diabetes
5 Insufficient glycemic control increases nuclear factor-kappa B
binding activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated
from patients with type 1 diabetes
6 Exploiting complementary therapeutic strategies for the
treatment of type II diabetes and prevention of its
complications
7 Pharmacological doses of vitamin E and insulin action in elderly
subjects
8 Relation between insulin resistance and plasma concentrations of
lipid hydroperoxides, carotenoids, and tocopherols
|1: Med Hypotheses 1996 Feb;462:89-100 |Related Articles, |
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|Links |
Complementary vascular-protective actions of magnesium and taurine: a
rationale for magnesium taurate
McCarty MF
Nutrition 21, San Diego, CA 92109, USA
By a variety of mechanisms, magnesium functions both intracellularly
and extracellularly to minimize the cytoplasmic free calcium level,
[Ca2]i This may be the chief reason why correction of magnesium
deficiency, or induction of hypermagnesemia by parenteral infusion,
exerts antihypertensive, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-arrhythmic and
antithrombotic effects Although the amino acid taurine can increase
systolic calcium transients in cardiac cells and thus has positive
inotropic activity, it has other actions which tend to reduce
[Ca2]i Indeed, in animal or clinical studies, taurine lowers
elevated blood pressure, retards cholesterol-induced atherogenesis,
prevents arrhythmias and stabilizes platelets–effects parallel to
those of magnesium The complex magnesium taurate may thus have
considerable potential as a vascular-protective nutritional
supplement, and might also be administered parenterally, as an
alternative to magnesium sulfate, in the treatment of acute myocardial
infarction as well as of pre-eclampsia The effects of magnesium
taurate in diabetes deserve particular attention, since both magnesium
and taurine may improve insulin sensitivity, and also may lessen risk
for the micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes
Publication Types:
Review
Review, Academic
PMID: 8692051 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
|2: Ann Nutr Metab 1995;394:217-23 |Related Articles, |
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Magnesium and ascorbic acid supplementation in diabetes mellitus
Eriksson J, Kohvakka A
Malmi Municipal Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
The effect of magnesium Mg and ascorbic acid AA supplementation on
metabolic control was assessed in 56 outpatient diabetics A 90-day
run-in period was followed by two 90-day treatment periods, during
which Mg 600 mg/day and AA 2 g/day were administered in a
randomized double-blind cross-over fashion A decrease in systolic and
diastolic blood pressure 132 /- 3 vs 138 /- 4 and 77 /- 2 vs
82
/- 2 mm Hg; p 005 was observed in insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus subjects during Mg supplementation No beneficial effect of
Mg supplementation was observed on glycemic control, lipids or blood
pressure in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus NIDDM subjects
AA supplementation improved glycemic control among NIDDM subjects and
both fasting blood glucose 91 /- 05 vs 101 /- 06 mmol/l; p
005 and HbA1c 85 /- 03 vs 93 /- 03; p 005 improved
Beneficial effects of AA supplementation on cholesterol 59 /- 02
vs 62 /- 02 mmol/l; p 005 and triglycerides 22 /- 02 vs
25 /- 02; p 005 were also observed in NIDDM subjects The
results suggest that high-dose AA supplementation may have a
beneficial effect in NIDDM subjects on both glycemic control and blood
lipids
Publication Types:
Clinical Trial
Randomized Controlled Trial
PMID: 8546437 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
|3: Diabetes 1997 Sep;469:1481-90 |Related Articles, |
| |Links |
Advanced glycation end product-induced activation of NF-kappaB is
suppressed by alpha-lipoic acid in cultured endothelial cells
Bierhaus A, Chevion S, Chevion M, Hofmann M, Quehenberger P, Illmer T,
Luther T, Berentshtein E, Tritschler H, Muller M, Wahl P, Ziegler R,
Nawroth PP
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Germany
Depletion of cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms and the
generation of oxygen free radicals by advanced glycation end products
AGEs have been proposed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of
diabetic vascular complications Here we demonstrate that incubation
of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells BAECs with AGE albumin
500 nmol/l resulted in the impairment of reduced glutathione GSH
and ascorbic acid levels As a consequence, increased cellular
oxidative stress led to the activation of the transcription factor NF-
kappaB and thus promoted the upregulation of various NF-kappaB-
controlled genes, including endothelial tissue factor Supplementation
of the cellular antioxidative defense with the natural occurring
antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid before AGE albumin induction completely
prevented
the AGE albumin-dependent depletion of reduced glutathione
and ascorbic acid Electrophoretic mobility shift assays EMSAs
revealed that AGE albumin-mediated NF-kappaB activation was also
reduced in a time- and dose-dependent manner as long as alpha-lipoic
acid was added at least 30 min before AGE albumin stimulation
Inhibition was not due to physical interactions with protein DNA
binding, since alpha-lipoic acid, directly included into the binding
reaction, did not prevent binding activity of recombinant NF-kappaB
Western blots further demonstrated that alpha-lipoic acid inhibited
the release and translocation of NF-kappaB from the cytoplasm into the
nucleus As a consequence, alpha-lipoic acid reduced AGE albumin-
induced NF-kappaB mediated transcription and expression of endothelial
genes relevant in diabetes, such as tissue factor and endothelin-1
Thus, supplementation of cellular antioxidative defense mechanisms by
extracellularly administered alpha-lipoic acid reduces AGE albumin-
induced endothelial dysfunction in vitro
PMID: 9287050 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
|4: Diabetes
Care 1999 Feb;222:280-7 |Related Articles, |
| |Links |
alpha-Lipoic acid treatment decreases serum lactate and pyruvate
concentrations and improves glucose effectiveness in lean and obese
patients with type 2 diabetes
Konrad T, Vicini P, Kusterer K, Hoflich A, Assadkhani A, Bohles HJ,
Sewell A, Tritschler HJ, Cobelli C, Usadel KH
Department of Internal Medicine, JW Goethe-University, Frankfurt,
Germany
OBJECTIVE: We examined the effect of lipoic acid LA, a cofactor of
the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex PDH, on insulin sensitivity SI
and glucose effectiveness SG and on serum lactate and pyruvate
levels after oral glucose tolerance tests OGTTs and modified
frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests FSIGTTs in
lean n 10 and obese n 10 patients with type 2 diabetes
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: FSIGTT data were analyzed by minimal
modeling technique to determine SI and SG before and after oral
treatment 600 mg, twice a day, for 4 weeks Serum lactate and
pyruvate levels of diabetic patients after
glucose loading were
compared with those of lean n 10 and obese n 10 healthy
control subjects in which SI and SG were also determined from FSIGTT
data RESULTS: Fasting lactate and pyruvate levels were significantly
increased in patients with type 2 diabetes These metabolites did not
exceed elevated fasting concentrations after glucose loading in lean
patients with type 2 diabetes However, a twofold increase of lactate
and pyruvate levels was measured in obese diabetic patients LA
treatment was associated with increased SG in both diabetic groups
lean 128 /- 014 to 193 /- 013; obese 107 /- 011 to 153 /-
008 x 10-2 min-1, P 005 Higher SI and lower fasting glucose
were measured in lean diabetic patients only P 005 Lactate and
pyruvate before and after glucose loading were approximately 45 lower
in lean and obese diabetic patients after LA treatment CONCLUSIONS:
Treatment of lean and obese diabetic patients with LA prevents
hyperglycemia-induced increments of serum lactate and pyruvate levels
and increases SG
PMID: 10333946 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
|5: Diabetes Care
1998 Aug;218:1310-6 |Related Articles, |
| |Links |
Insufficient glycemic control increases nuclear factor-kappa B binding
activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from patients
with type 1 diabetes
Hofmann MA, Schiekofer S, Kanitz M, Klevesath MS, Joswig M, Lee V,
Morcos M, Tritschler H, Ziegler R, Wahl P, Bierhaus A, Nawroth PP
Department of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Germany
OBJECTIVE: The redox-sensitive transcription factor nuclear factor-
kappa B NF-kappa B is believed to contribute to late diabetic
complications It is unknown whether NF-kappa B is influenced by
glycemic control RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: To determine whether NF-
kappa B is activated in patients with insufficient glycemic control
HbA1c 10, we developed a tissue culture-independent
electrophoretic mobility shift assay EMSA-based semiquantitative
detection system that allowed us to determine NF-kappa B activation in
ex vivo-isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells PBMCs We
included 43 patients with type 1 diabetes
in this cross-sectional
study 10 of those received the antioxidant thioctic acid 600 mg/day
po for 2 weeks RESULTS: Monocytes of patients with HbA1c levels
10 demonstrated significantly higher NF-kappa B binding activity in
an EMSA and a stronger NF-kappa B staining in immunohistochemistry
than monocytes of patients with HbA1c levels of 6-8 The increase in
NF-kappa B activation correlated with an increase in plasmatic markers
of lipid peroxidation Treatment with the antioxidant thioctic acid
decreased NF-kappa B binding activity CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglycemia
induces activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B in ex vivo-
isolated PBMCs of patients with type 1 diabetes NF-kappa B activation
is at least partially dependent on oxidative stress, since the
antioxidant thioctic acid [ALPHA LIPOIC ACID] significantly lowered
the extent of NF-kappa B binding activity
PMID: 9702439 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
|6: Med Hypotheses 1997 Aug;492:143-52 |Related Articles, |
| |Links |
Exploiting complementary therapeutic strategies for
the treatment of
type II diabetes and prevention of its complications
McCarty MF
Nutrition 21, San Diego, CA 92109, USA
Impaired glycemic control in type II diabetes results from peripheral
insulin resistance, hepatic insulin resistance, and a relative failure
of beta cell function Nutritional and pharmaceutical measures are now
available for addressing each of these defects, presumably enabling a
rational and highly effective clinical management of non-insulin-
dependent diabetes mellitus Peripheral insulin resistance, which
usually responds to a very-low-fat diet, aerobic exercise training,
and appropriate weight loss, can also treated with high-dose chromium
picolinate, high-dose vitamin E, magnesium, soluble fiber, and
possibly taurine; these measures appear likely to correct the diabetes-
associated metabolic derangements of vascular smooth muscle, and thus
lessen risk for macrovascular disease Metformins clinical efficacy
is primarily reflective of reduced hepatic glucose output; this action
should complement the benefits of peripheral insulin sensitizers When
these
measures are not sufficient for optimal control, beta cell
function can be boosted with second-generation sulfonylureas
PMID: 9278926 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
|7: Am J Clin Nutr 1994 Jun;596:1291-6 |Related Articles, |
| |Links |
Pharmacological doses of vitamin E and insulin action in elderly
subjects
Paolisso G, Di Maro G, Galzerano D, Cacciapuoti F, Varricchio G,
Varricchio M, DOnofrio F
Department of Geriatric Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, II University
of Naples, Italy
Twenty elderly 77 /- 04 y, nonobese [body mass index in kg/m2
264 /- 05] subjects with normal glucose tolerance were submitted to
a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic 35 pmolmin/kg glucose clamp in a
double-blind, crossover, randomized procedure after 4 mo treatment
with either vitamin E 900 mg d-alpha-tocopherol/d, Ephynal; Roche,
Milan, Italy or placebo Body mass index was practically unchanged
throughout the study After the glucose clamp, insulin-mediated
stimulation 2 of whole-body glucose disposal 184 /- 05 vs 261 /-
06 mumolmin/kg lean
body mass P 002 was significantly
potentiated by vitamin E rather than placebo administration
Furthermore, net changes in plasma vitamin E concentrations correlated
with net changes in insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose disposal r
060 P 0003 Plasma vitamin E concentrations seem to play an
important role in the modulation of insulin action in elderly people
Publication Types:
Clinical Trial
Randomized Controlled Trial
PMID: 8198053 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
|8: Am J Clin Nutr 2000 Sep;723:776-9 |Related Articles, |
| |Links |
Relation between insulin resistance and plasma concentrations of lipid
hydroperoxides, carotenoids, and tocopherols
Facchini FS, Humphreys MH, DoNascimento CA, Abbasi F, Reaven GM
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, San Francisco General
Hospital, CA 94110, USA fste2000@yahoocom
BACKGROUND: It is not known whether total circulating lipid
hydroperoxides are increased in insulin-resistant individuals and
whether this correlates with depletion of
liposoluble antioxidant
vitamins that are consumed during lipid peroxidation OBJECTIVE: The
goal of this study was to define the relation between resistance to
insulin-mediated glucose disposal and plasma concentrations of lipid
hydroperoxides and liposoluble antioxidant vitamins in healthy
volunteers DESIGN: Insulin-mediated glucose disposal was determined
in 36 healthy, nondiabetic volunteers by measuring their steady-state
plasma insulin SSPI and glucose SSPG concentrations in response to
a 180-min constant infusion of octreotide, insulin, and glucose In
addition, fasting plasma concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides and
liposoluble antioxidant vitamins were determined by using the FOX 2
assay and liquid chromatography RESULTS: Statistically significant
direct relations were observed between SSPG and mean arterial blood
pressure r 044, P: 0008 and plasma lipid hydroperoxide
concentrations r 042, P: 001, whereas significant inverse
correlations were found between SSPG and alpha-carotene r -058, P:
00002, beta-carotene r -049, P: 0004, lutein r -035,
P: 004,
alpha-tocopherol r -0 36, P: 004, and delta-
tocopherol r -045, P: 0007 CONCLUSIONS: Variations in insulin-
mediated glucose disposal in healthy individuals are significantly
related to plasma concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides and
liposoluble antioxidant vitamins These findings suggest that total
plasma lipid peroxidation is increased in insulin-resistant
individuals at an early, preclinical stage, ie, well before the
development of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes
PMID: 10966898 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source:montclair.edu
