Diabetes Mellitus. Physical. Findings. Skin: Candidiasis, Diabetes Mellitus. Physical Findings. Females: Increased vulvovaginal yeast. infections …

Diabetes Mellitus
History and Risk Factors

Diabetes Mellitus
Physical Findings
Presentation PE

Specific PE Findings with DM
Retinopathy Microvascular
Non-proliferative Signs Damage to existing vessels Vascular Damage
Microaneurysms Hemorrhages Vascular Leakage Ischemia and Hypoxia

Specific PE Findings with DM
Retinopathy Microvascular
Proliferative Signs New, unstable vessels
Retinal Neovasculariztion Fibrous Scar Tissue Vitreous Hemorrhage

Examples Of Retinopathy
Non-proliferative signs Usually earliest sign of retinopathy Generally do not affect vision

Examples Of Retinopathy
Proliferative Signs: Can lead to blindness Stress and hypoxic conditions, the retina will make vasogenic factors The vessels that are created are much weaker and are prone to rupture and bleed Bleeding contributes to poor perfusion of retinal tissue

Diabetes Mellitus
Physical Findings
Skin: Candidiasis, Tinea Pedis, Foot Ulcers, Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum

Diabetes Mellitus
Physical Findings
Females: Incr eased vulvovaginal yeast infections Males: Ask about ED Cardiac: Fixed Heart Rate GI: Gastroparesis Bloating, Diarrhea, Constipation GU: Bladder Atonia Sudomotor:
Anhidrosis of lower extremities