17 million Americans have diabetes and as podiatric physicians we play a People with diabetes have been told how easy it is for them to loose their foot, …
5
Diabetes
5-1 Diabetes education
5-2 New cases of diabetes
5-3 Overall cases of diagnosed diabetes
5-4 Diagnosis of diabetes
5-5 Diabetes deaths
5-6 Diabetes-related deaths
5-7 Cardiovascular disease deaths in persons with diabetes
5-8 Gestational diabetes
5-9 Foot ulcers
5-10 Lower extremity amputations
5-11 Annual urinary microalbumin measurement
5-12 Annual glycosylated hemoglobin measurement
5-13 Annual dilated eye examinations
5-14 Annual foot examinations
5-15 Annual dental examinations
5-16 Aspirin therapy
5-17 Self-blood-glucose-monitoring
|5-1 Increase the proportion of persons with diabetes who |
|receive formal diabetes education |
|National Data |National Health Interview Survey NHIS, |
|Source |CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Source |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|1714 Diabetes and Chronic Disabling |
|Objective |Conditions, age adjusted to 2000 |
| |standard population |
|Measure |Percent age adjusted-see
Comments |
|Baseline |45 1998 |
|Numerator |Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |who report that they have ever been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes and have taken a |
| |course or class in diabetes |
| |self-management |
|Denominator |Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |who report that they have ever been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes |
|Population Targeted|US civilian, noninstitutionalized |
| |population |
|Questions Used To |From the 1998 National Health Interview |
|Obtain the National|Survey: |
|Data | |
| |[NUMERATOR:] |
| |Have you ever taken a course or class in |
| |how to manage your diabetes yourself? |
| |[DENOMINATOR:] |
| |[For females:]
|
| |Other than during pregnancy, have you |
| |EVER been told by a doctor or health |
| |professional that you have diabetes or |
| |sugar diabetes? |
| |[For males:] |
| |Have you EVER been told by a doctor or |
| |health professional that you have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes? |
| |Yes |
| |No |
| |Borderline |
| |Dont know |
| |Refused |
|Expected |Periodic |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Persons are considered to have diabetes |
| |if they respond yes to either of the |
| |two questions listed above in the |
|
|denominator section Those who respond |
| |borderline are not included Women who |
| |report that the only time they have been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes was during |
| |pregnancy gestational diabetes are also|
| |excluded |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted |
| |percents are weighted sums of |
| |age-specific percents For a discussion |
| |on age adjustment, see Part A, section 5|
| |See Part C for a description of NHIS and |
| |BRFSS and Appendix A for focus area |
| |contact information |
|5-2 Prevent diabetes |
|National Data |National Health Interview Survey NHIS, |
|Source |CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Source |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC,
NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|1711 Diabetes and Chronic Disabling |
|Objective |Conditions also 224 |
|Measure |Rate per 1,000 population age adjusted, |
| |3-year average-see Comments |
|Baseline |35 1994-96 |
|Numerator |Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |who report being diagnosed with diabetes |
| |in the past 12 months |
|Denominator |Number of persons aged 18 years and |
| |older |
|Population Targeted|US civilian, noninstitutionalized |
| |population |
|Questions Used To |From the 1996 National Health Interview |
|Obtain the National|Survey: |
|Data | |
| |During the past 12 months did any one in |
| |the family read names have diabetes? |
| |[If yes:] |
| |Who was this?
|
| |When was diabetes first noticed? |
| |1 Within the past 2 weeks |
| |2 2 weeks to 3 months |
| |3 Over 3 months to 1 year |
| |4 Over 1 year to 5 years |
| |5 Over 5 years |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Respondents who reported that the |
| |diabetes was first noticed within the |
| |past year responses 1 through 3 listed |
| |above are considered to have been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes in the past 12 |
| |months |
| |The measure uses a 3-year moving average |
| |to reliably report data for select |
| |population groups that have small sample |
| |sizes |
| |NHIS was redesigned in 1997
Diabetes |
| |incidence questions were not included in |
| |the 1997 or 1998 data collection years |
| |The 1999 NHIS includes questions on |
| |diabetes incidence |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted rates |
| |are weighted sums of age-specific rates |
| |For a discussion on age adjustment-see |
| |Part A, section 5 |
| |See Part C for a description of NHIS and |
| |BRFSS and Appendix A for focus area |
| |contact information |
|5-3 Reduce the overall rate of diabetes that is clinically |
|diagnosed |
|National Data |National Health Interview Survey NHIS, |
|Source |CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Source |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System|
| |BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP
|
|Healthy People 2000|1711 Diabetes and Chronic Disabling |
|Objective |Conditions also 224, age adjusted to |
| |the 2000 population |
|Measure |Rate per 1,000 population age |
| |adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |40 1997 |
|Numerator |Number of persons who report ever being |
| |diagnosed with diabetes |
|Denominator |Number of persons |
|Population Targeted|US civilian, noninstitutionalized |
| |population |
|Questions Used To |From the 1997 National Health Interview |
|Obtain the National|Survey: |
|Data | |
| |[For children under 18 years:] |
| |Has a doctor or health professional told |
| |you that {sample child} has any of these |
| |conditions? |
| |[List of conditions
includes diabetes] |
| |[For adults 18 years and older:] |
| |[For females:] |
| |Other than during pregnancy, have you EVER|
| |been told by a doctor or health |
| |professional that you have diabetes or |
| |sugar diabetes? |
| |[For males:] |
| |Have you EVER been told by a doctor or |
| |health professional that you have diabetes|
| |or sugar diabetes? |
| |Yes |
| |No |
| |Borderline |
| |Dont know |
| |Refused |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Adults are considered to have diabetes if |
|
|they respond yes to either of the two |
| |questions listed above Those who respond |
| |borderline are not included Women who |
| |report that the only time they have been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes was during |
| |pregnancy gestational diabetes are also |
| |excluded |
| |Children are considered to have diabetes |
| |if the adult proxy respondent reports that|
| |they have ever been told by a doctor that |
| |the child has diabetes |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 standard|
| |population Age-adjusted rates are |
| |weighted sums of age-specific rates For a|
| |discussion on age adjustment, see Part A, |
| |section 5 |
|Comments |See Part C for a description of NHIS and |
| |BRFSS and Appendix A for focus area |
| |contact information
|
|5-4 Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes whose |
|condition has been diagnosed |
|National Data |National Health and Nutrition Examination|
|Source |Survey NHANES, CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Source |Not identified |
|Healthy People 2000|Not applicable |
|Objective | |
|Measure |Percent age adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |68 1988-94 |
|Numerator |Number of adults aged 20 years and older |
| |who report that they have ever being |
| |diagnosed with diabetes |
|Denominator |Number of adults aged 20 years and older |
| |who have a fasting blood glucose level of|
| |126 mg/dl |
|Population Targeted|US civilian, noninstitutionalized |
| |population |
|Questions Used To |From the 1988-94 National Health and |
|Obtain the
National|Nutrition Examination Survey: |
|Data | |
| |Have you ever been told by a doctor that |
| |you have diabetes or sugar diabetes? |
| |[For female, if yes:] |
| |Were you pregnant when you were told that|
| |you had diabetes? |
| |Other than during pregnancy, has a doctor|
| |ever told you that you have diabetes or |
| |sugar diabetes? |
|Expected |Annual, beginning with 1999 data |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Persons are considered to have diabetes |
| |if they respond that they have ever been |
| |told by a doctor that they have diabetes |
| |or sugar diabetes Women who report that |
| |the only time they have been diagnosed |
| |with diabetes was during pregnancy |
| |gestational diabetes are excluded |
|
|The undiagnosed population with diabetes |
| |is based on the American Diabetes |
| |Association criteria1 |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted |
| |percents are weighted sums of |
| |age-specific percents For a discussion |
| |on age adjustment, see Part A, section 5|
| |See Part C for a description of NHANES |
| |and Appendix A for focus area contact |
| |information |
|5-5 Reduce the diabetes death rate |
|National Data |National Vital Statistics System NVSS, |
|Source |CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Source |National Vital Statistics System NVSS, |
| |CDC, NCHS |
|Healthy People 2000|Adapted from 179 Diabetes and Chronic |
|Objective |Disabling Conditions, age adjusted to |
|
|the 2000 standard population |
|Measure |Rate per 100,000 population age |
| |adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |75 1997 |
|Numerator |Number of deaths due to diabetes ICD-9 |
| |code 250 reported as the underlying or |
| |multiple cause of death |
|Denominator |Number of persons |
|Population Targeted|US resident population |
|Questions Used To |Not applicable |
|Obtain the National| |
|Data | |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Diabetes-related mortality data are |
| |derived from the multiple-cause-of-death |
| |files Data include all mentions of |
| |diabetes on the death certificate, |
| |whether as an underlying or a multiple |
|
|cause of death Diabetes is approximately|
| |three times as likely to be listed as |
| |multiple cause of death than as |
| |underlying cause2 |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted rates |
| |are weighted sums of age-specific rates |
| |For a discussion on age adjustment, see |
| |Part A, section 5 |
| |This objective differs from Healthy |
| |People 2000 objective 179, which |
| |adjusted the death rates using the 1940 |
| |standard population See Appendix C for |
| |comparison data |
| |See Part C for a description of NVSS and |
| |Appendix A for focus area contact |
| |information |
|5-6 Reduce diabetes-related deaths among persons with |
|diabetes
|
|National Data |National Vital Statistics System NVSS, |
|Sources |CDC, NCHS; National Health Interview |
| |Survey NHIS, CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Sources |National Vital Statistics System NVSS, |
| |CDC, NCHS; Behavioral Risk Factor |
| |Surveillance System BRFSS, CDC, |
| |NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|Not applicable |
|Objective | |
|Measure |Rate per 1,000 population age |
| |adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |88 1997 |
|Numerator |Number of deaths due to diabetes ICD-9 |
| |code 250 reported as the underlying or |
| |multiple cause of death |
|Denominator |Number of persons who report that they |
| |have ever been diagnosed with diabetes |
|Population Targeted|US resident population; US civilian, |
| |noninstitutionalized
population |
|Questions Used To |For denominator, see Questions Used To |
|Obtain the National|Obtain the National Data provided with |
|Data |objective 5-3 |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |The numerator and denominator of this |
| |measure refer to slightly different |
| |populations The numerator includes all |
| |US residents; the denominator includes |
| |only the US civilian, |
| |noninstitutionalized population |
| |Adults are considered to have diabetes if|
| |they respond yes to either of the two |
| |questions listed in the denominator |
| |section of objective 5-3 Those who |
| |respond borderline are not included |
| |Women who report that the only time they |
| |have been diagnosed with diabetes was |
| |during pregnancy
gestational diabetes |
| |are also excluded |
| |Children are considered to have diabetes |
| |if the adult proxy respondent reports |
| |that they have ever been told by a doctor|
| |that the child has diabetes See |
| |Questions Used To Obtain the National |
| |Data for objective 5-3 |
| |Diabetes-related mortality data are |
| |derived from the multiple-cause-of-death |
| |files Data include all mentions of |
| |diabetes on the death certificate, |
| |whether as an underlying or a multiple |
| |cause of death Diabetes is approximately|
| |three times as likely to be listed as |
| |multiple cause of death than as |
| |underlying cause2 |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted rates |
| |are
weighted sums of age-specific rates |
| |For a discussion of age adjustment, see |
| |Part A, section 5 |
| |See Part C for a description of NVSS and |
| |BRFSS and Appendix A for focus area |
| |contact information |
|5-7 Reduce deaths from cardiovascular disease in persons |
|with diabetes |
|National Data |National Vital Statistics System NVSS, |
|Sources |CDC, NCHS; National Health Interview |
| |Survey NHIS, CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Sources |National Vital Statistics System NVSS, |
| |CDC, NCHS; Behavioral Risk Factor |
| |Surveillance System BRFSS, CDC, |
| |NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|Not applicable |
|Objective | |
|Measure |Rate per 100,000 population age |
| |adjusted-see Comments
|
|Baseline |343 1997 |
|Numerator |Number of deaths due to cardiovascular |
| |disease as an underlying cause ICD-9 |
| |codes 390-448, among persons who had |
| |diabetes listed ICD-9 code 250 as a |
| |multiple cause of death |
|Denominator |Number of persons who report that they |
| |have ever been diagnosed with diabetes |
|Population Targeted|US resident population; US civilian, |
| |noninstitutionalized population |
|Questions Used To |For denominator, see Questions Used To |
|Obtain the National|Obtain the National Data provided with |
|Data |objective 5-3 |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |See Comments provided with objective 5-6 |
| |for more information |
|5-8 Developmental Decrease the proportion of pregnant |
|women
with gestational diabetes |
|Comments |An operational definition could not be |
| |specified at the time of publication |
| |A proposed national data source is the |
| |National Vital Statistics System NVSS, |
| |CDC, NCHS |
| |See Part C for a description of NVSS and |
| |Appendix A for focus area contact |
| |information |
|5-9 Developmental Reduce the frequency of foot ulcers in |
|persons with diabetes |
|Comments |An operational definition could not be |
| |specified at the time of publication |
| |A proposed national data source is the |
| |National Health and Nutrition Examination|
| |Survey NHANES, CDC, NCHS |
| |Beginning in 1999, NHANES collects |
| |information that can be used as a proxy |
| |for
foot ulcers The proxy measure that |
| |is proposed will track peripheral |
| |neuropathy as well as brachial ankle |
| |blood pressure index, which indicates |
| |peripheral vascular disease |
| |See Part C for a description of NHANES |
| |and BRFSS and Appendix A for focus area |
| |contact information |
|5-10 Reduce the rate of lower extremity amputations in |
|persons with diabetes |
|National Data |National Hospital Discharge Survey |
|Sources |NHDS, CDC, NCHS; National Health |
| |Interview Survey NHIS, CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Sources |State hospital discharge data systems; |
| |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|Adapted from 1710 Diabetes and Chronic |
|Objective |Disabling Conditions |
|Measure |Rate per 1,000 population
age |
| |adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |41 1997 |
|Numerator |Number of hospital discharges among US |
| |civilian persons with diabetes ICD-9-CM |
| |code 250 as any listed diagnosis and |
| |amputation of the lower limb ICD-9-CM |
| |procedure code 841 as any listed |
| |procedure |
|Denominator |Number of persons in the NHIS population |
| |who report that they have ever been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes |
|Population Targeted|US civilian population; US civilian, |
| |noninstitutionalized population |
|Questions Used To |For denominator, see Questions Used To |
|Obtain the National|Obtain the National Data provided with |
|Data |objective 5-3 |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |The numerator and denominator of
this |
| |measure refer to slightly different |
| |populations The numerator includes the |
| |US civilian population; the denominator|
| |includes only the US civilian, |
| |noninstitutionalized population |
| |The numerator is obtained from the |
| |National Hospital Discharge System NHDS|
| |and uses any mention ICD-9-CM procedure |
| |code 841 to define amputation of the |
| |lower limb and ICD-9-CM code 250 as any |
| |listed diagnosis to identify persons with|
| |diabetes3 Amputations due to trauma are |
| |not included |
| |Adults are considered to have diabetes if|
| |they respond yes to either of the two |
| |questions listed in the denominator |
| |section of objective 5-3 Those who |
| |respond borderline are not included |
| |Women who report that the only
time they |
| |have been diagnosed with diabetes was |
| |during pregnancy gestational diabetes |
| |are also excluded |
| |Children are considered to have diabetes |
| |if the adult proxy respondent reports |
| |that they have ever been told by a doctor|
| |that the child has diabetes For specific|
| |questions, see Questions Used To Obtain |
| |the National Data for objective 5-3 |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted rates |
| |are weighted sums of age-specific rates |
| |For a discussion on age adjustment, see |
| |Part A, section 5 |
| |This objective is a modification of |
| |Healthy People 2000 objectives 1710 and |
| |1710c, which tracked the proportion of |
| |persons with diabetes who had a hospital |
| |discharge with an
amputation of the lower|
| |limb excluding amputations due to |
| |trauma, using ICD-9-CM procedure codes |
| |8411 and 8412 This measure expands the|
| |definition of the amputation of the lower|
| |limb to ICD-9-CM procedure code 841 and |
| |is age adjusted to the 2000 standard |
| |population |
| |See Part C for a description of NHDS, |
| |NHIS, and BRFSS and Appendix A for focus |
| |area contact information |
|5-11 Developmental Increase the proportion of adults with |
|diabetes who obtain an annual urinary microalbumin |
|measurement |
|Comments |An operational definition could not be |
| |specified at the time of publication |
| |A proposed national data source is the |
| |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC, NCHS
|
| |See Part C for a description of BRFSS and|
| |Appendix A for focus area contact |
| |information |
|5-12 Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who |
|have a glycosylated hemoglobin measurement at least once a |
|year |
|National Data |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
|Source |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|State Data Source |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|Not applicable |
|Objective | |
|Measure |Percent age adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |24 1998 Selected States-see Comments|
|Numerator |Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |who report they have ever been diagnosed |
| |with diabetes and report that a doctor, |
| |nurse, or other health professional has |
|
|checked the respondents glycosylated |
| |hemoglobin HbA1c one or more times in |
| |the past year |
|Denominator |Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |who report they have ever been diagnosed |
| |with diabetes |
|Population Targeted|US civilian, noninstitutionalized |
| |population selected States, see |
| |Comments |
|Questions Used To |From the 1998 Behavioral Risk Factor |
|Obtain the National|Surveillance System: |
|Data | |
| |[NUMERATOR:] |
| |About how many times in the last year has|
| |a doctor, nurse, or other health |
| |professional checked you for glycosylated|
| |hemoglobin A one C? |
| |[DENOMINATOR:] |
| |Have you EVER been told by a doctor or |
|
|health professional that you have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes? |
| |[For females, if yes:] |
| |Was this only when you were pregnant? |
| |About how many times in the last year |
| |have you seen a doctor, nurse, or other |
| |health professional for your diabetes? |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Persons are considered to have diabetes |
| |if they have ever been told by a doctor |
| |or health professional that they have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes Women who |
| |report that the only time they have been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes was during |
| |pregnancy gestational diabetes are |
| |excluded Persons are considered to have |
| |been measured for glycosylated hemoglobin|
| |if they have seen a health professional |
|
|for their diabetes in the past year at |
| |least once and have been checked for |
| |HbA1c one or more times in the past year|
| |Data for this objective are collected |
| |using the core component and an optional |
| |module of the BRFSS, which is made |
| |available to States for administration |
| |annually The number of States that |
| |select the diabetes module varies every |
| |year In 1998, 39 States used the |
| |optional diabetes module The measure is |
| |the mean of data for the reporting |
| |States |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted |
| |percents are weighted sums of |
| |age-specific percents For a discussion |
| |on age adjustment, see Part A, section 5|
| |See Part C for a description of BRFSS
and|
| |Appendix A for focus area contact |
| |information |
|5-13 Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who |
|have an annual dilated eye examination |
|National Data |National Health Interview Survey NHIS, |
|Source |CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Source |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|1723 Diabetes and Chronic Disabling |
|Objective |Conditions, age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population |
|Measure |Percent age adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |47 1998 |
|Numerator |Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |who report that they have ever been told |
| |by a doctor that they have diabetes and |
| |report that they had a dilated eye |
| |examination in the past year |
|Denominator
|Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |who report that they have ever been told |
| |by a doctor that they have diabetes |
|Population Targeted|US civilian, noninstitutionalized |
| |population |
|Questions Used To |From the 1998 National Health Interview |
|Obtain the National|Survey: |
|Data | |
| |[NUMERATOR:] |
| |Have you EVER had an eye examination in |
| |which the pupils were dilated? This |
| |would have made you temporarily sensitive|
| |to bright light |
| |[If yes:] |
| |When was the last time you had this |
| |examination? |
| |1 A year ago or less |
| |2 More than 1 year but less than 2 |
| |years |
|
|3 More than 2 years but less than 3 |
| |years |
| |4 More than 3 years but less than 5 |
| |years |
| |5 Over 5 years ago |
| |[DENOMINATOR:] |
| |[For females:] |
| |Other than during pregnancy, have you |
| |EVER been told by a doctor or health |
| |professional that you have diabetes or |
| |sugar diabetes? |
| |[For males:] |
| |Have you EVER been told by a doctor or |
| |health professional that you have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes? |
| |Yes |
| |No |
| |Borderline |
| |Dont know |
|
|Refused |
|Expected |Periodic |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |The numerator is limited to only the |
| |persons who reported that they have seen |
| |a health professional for an eye |
| |examination a year ago or less |
| |Persons are considered to have diabetes |
| |if they respond yes to either of the |
| |two questions listed above in the |
| |denominator section Those who respond |
| |borderline are not included Women who |
| |report that the only time they have been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes was during |
| |pregnancy gestational diabetes are also|
| |excluded |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted |
| |percents are weighted sums of |
|
|age-specific percents For a discussion |
| |on age adjustment, see Part A, section 5|
| |State-level data are available from the |
| |BRFSS, which uses a slightly different |
| |question than the NHIS to determine the |
| |last time the respondent obtained a |
| |dilated eye examination The question |
| |from the 1998 Behavioral Risk Factor |
| |Surveillance System follows: |
| |When was the last time you had an eye |
| |examination in which the pupils were |
| |dilated? This would have made you |
| |temporarily sensitive to bright light |
| |1 Within the past month 0 to 1 month |
| |ago |
| |2 Within the past year 1 to 12 months |
| |ago |
| |3 Within the past 2 years 1 to 2 years |
| |ago |
|
|4 2 or more years ago |
| |See Part C for a description of NHIS and |
| |BRFSS, and Appendix A for focus area |
| |contact information |
|5-14 Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who |
|have at least an annual foot examination |
|National Data |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
|Source |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|State Data Source |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|Not applicable |
|Objective | |
|Measure |Percent age adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |55 1998 selected States-see Comments|
|Numerator |Number of adults aged 18 years and older |
| |with diabetes who report that they have |
| |seen a health professional for diabetes |
| |and have had their feet checked for any |
| |sores
or irritations |
|Denominator |Number of adults aged 18 years and older |
| |who report that they have ever been told |
| |that they have diabetes |
|Population Targeted|Civilian, noninstitutionalized population|
| |selected States-see Comments |
|Questions Used To |From the 1998 Behavioral Risk Factor |
|Obtain the National|Surveillance System: |
|Data | |
| |[NUMERATOR:] |
| |About how many times in the last year has|
| |a health professional checked your feet |
| |for any sores or irritations? |
| |[DENOMINATOR:] |
| |Have you EVER been told by a doctor or |
| |health professional that you have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes? |
| |[For females, if yes:] |
| |Was this only when you were pregnant? |
|Expected
|Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Persons are considered to have diabetes |
| |if they had ever been told by a doctor or|
| |health professional that they have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes Women who |
| |report that the only time they have been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes was during |
| |pregnancy gestational diabetes are |
| |excluded Persons are considered to have |
| |had a foot examination if their feet had |
| |been checked one or more times in the |
| |past year |
| |Data for this objective are collected |
| |using the core component and an optional |
| |module of the BRFSS, which is made |
| |available to States for administration |
| |annually The number of States that |
| |select the diabetes module varies every |
|
|year In 1998, 39 States used the |
| |optional diabetes module The measure is |
| |the mean of data for the reporting |
| |States |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted |
| |percents are weighted sums of |
| |age-specific percents For a discussion |
| |on age adjustment, see Part A, section 5|
| |See Part C for a description of BRFSS and|
| |Appendix A for focus area contact |
| |information |
|5-15 Increase the proportion of persons with diabetes who |
|have at least an annual dental examination |
|National Data |National Health Interview Survey NHIS, |
|Source |CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Source |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|Not
applicable |
|Objective | |
|Measure |Percent age adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |58 1997 |
|Numerator |Number of persons aged 2 years and older |
| |who report ever being diagnosed with |
| |diabetes and report that they have seen |
| |or spoken to a dentist in the past year |
|Denominator |Number of persons aged 2 years and older |
| |who have ever been told that they have |
| |diabetes |
|Population Targeted|US civilian, noninstitutionalized |
| |population |
|Questions Used To |From the 1997 National Health Interview |
|Obtain the National|Survey: |
|Data | |
| |[NUMERATOR:] |
| |About how long has it been since you last|
| |saw or talked to a dentist? Include all |
|
|types of dentists, such as orthodontists,|
| |oral surgeons, and all other dental |
| |specialists, as well as hygienists |
| |1 6 months or less |
| |2 More than 6 months but not more than |
| |a year ago |
| |3 More than 1 year ago but less than 3 |
| |years ago |
| |4 More than 3 years |
| |5 Never |
| |[DENOMINATOR:] |
| |[For children under 18 years:] |
| |Has a doctor or health professional told |
| |you that {sample child} has any of these |
| |conditions? |
| |[List of conditions includes diabetes] |
| |[For adults 18 years and older:] |
| |[For females:] |
| |Other than during pregnancy, have you |
|
|EVER been told by a doctor or health |
| |professional that you have diabetes or |
| |sugar diabetes? |
| |[For males:] |
| |Have you EVER been told by a doctor or |
| |health professional that you have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes? |
| |Yes |
| |No |
| |Borderline |
| |Dont know |
| |Refused |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Adults are considered to have diabetes if|
| |they respond yes to either of the two |
| |questions listed above in the DENOMINATOR|
| |section Those who respond borderline |
| |are not included Women who report that |
|
|the only time they have been diagnosed |
| |with diabetes was during pregnancy |
| |gestational diabetes are also excluded|
| |Children are considered to have diabetes |
| |if the adult proxy respondent reports |
| |that they have ever been told by a doctor|
| |that the child has diabetes |
| |An annual dental examination is defined |
| |as seeing or speaking to a dental |
| |professional in the past year |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted |
| |percents are weighted sums of |
| |age-specific percents For a discussion |
| |on age adjustment, see Part A, section 5|
| |See Part C for a description of NHIS and |
| |BRFSS and Appendix A for focus area |
| |contact information |
|5-16 Increase the
proportion of persons with diabetes who |
|take aspirin at least 15 times per month |
|National Data |National Health and Nutrition Examination|
|Source |Survey NHANES, CDC, NCHS |
|State Data Source |Not identified |
|Healthy People 2000|Not applicable |
|Objective | |
|Measure |Percent age adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |20 1988-94 |
|Numerator |Number of persons aged 40 years and older|
| |with diabetes who reported taking aspirin|
| |products at least 15 times in the past |
| |month |
|Denominator |Number of persons aged 40 years and older|
| |who report that they have ever been told |
| |that they have diabetes |
|Population Targeted|US civilian, noninstitutionalized |
| |population |
|Questions Used To |From the 1988-94 National Health and |
|Obtain the
National|Nutrition Examination Survey: |
|Data | |
| |[NUMERATOR:] |
| |In the past month, have you taken any |
| |aspirin, Anacin, Bufferin, Ecotin, |
| |Ascriptin, or Midol? |
| |How often did you take aspirin, Anacin, |
| |Bufferin, Ecotin, Ascriptin, or Midol |
| |during the past month? |
| |[DENOMINATOR:] |
| |Have you ever been told by a doctor that |
| |you have diabetes or sugar diabetes? |
| |[For female, if yes: |
| |Were you pregnant when you were told that|
| |you had diabetes? |
| |Other than during pregnancy, has a doctor|
| |ever told you that you have diabetes or |
| |sugar diabetes? |
|Expected |Annual, beginning with 1999 data
|
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Persons are considered to have diabetes |
| |if they respond that they have ever been |
| |told by a doctor that they have diabetes |
| |or sugar diabetes Women who report that |
| |the only time they have been diagnosed |
| |with diabetes was during pregnancy |
| |gestational diabetes are excluded |
| |Persons are considered to have used |
| |aspirin products if they reported using |
| |aspirin, Anacin, Bufferin, Ecotin, |
| |Ascriptin, or Midol 15 or more times in |
| |the past month |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted |
| |percents are weighted sums of |
| |age-specific percents For a discussion |
| |on age adjustment, see Part A, section 5|
| |See Part C for a description of
NHANES |
| |and Appendix A for focus area contact |
| |information |
|5-17 Increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who |
|perform self-blood-glucose-monitoring at least once daily |
|National Data |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
|Source |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|State Data Source |Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance |
| |System BRFSS, CDC, NCCDPHP |
|Healthy People 2000|Not applicable |
|Objective | |
|Measure |Percent age adjusted-see Comments |
|Baseline |42 1998 selected States-see Comments|
|Numerator |Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |with diabetes who report that they check |
| |their blood for glucose or sugar by |
| |themselves or by a family member or |
| |friend excludes health professional at |
| |least once a day |
|Denominator
|Number of persons aged 18 years and older|
| |who report that they have ever been told |
| |they have diabetes |
|Population Targeted|Civilian, noninstitutionalized population|
| |selected States, see Comments |
|Questions Used To |From the 1998 Behavioral Risk Factor |
|Obtain the National|Surveillance System: |
|Data | |
| |[NUMERATOR:] |
| |About how often do you check your blood |
| |for glucose or sugar? Include times when |
| |checked by a family member or friend, but|
| |do not include times when checked by a |
| |health professional |
| |____Times per day |
| |____Times per week |
| |____Times per month |
| |____Times per year |
| |[DENOMINATOR:] |
|
|Have you EVER been told by a doctor or |
| |health professional that you have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes? |
| |[For females, if yes:] |
| |Was this only when you were pregnant? |
|Expected |Annual |
|Periodicity | |
|Comments |Persons are considered to have diabetes |
| |if they have ever been told by a doctor |
| |or health professional that they have |
| |diabetes or sugar diabetes Women who |
| |report that the only time they have been |
| |diagnosed with diabetes was during |
| |pregnancy gestational diabetes are |
| |excluded Persons are considered to have |
| |had a foot examination if their feet have|
| |been checked one or more times in the |
| |past year |
| |Data for this objective are collected
|
| |using the core component and an optional |
| |module of the BRFSS, which is made |
| |available to States for administration |
| |annually The number of States that |
| |select the diabetes module varies every |
| |year In 1998, 39 States used the |
| |optional diabetes module The measure is |
| |the mean of data for the reporting |
| |States |
| |Data are age adjusted to the 2000 |
| |standard population Age-adjusted |
| |percents are weighted sums of |
| |age-specific percents For a discussion |
| |on age adjustment, see Part A, section 5|
| |See Part C for a description of BRFSS and|
| |Appendix A for focus area contact |
| |information |
References
1 Harris, MI; Flegal, KM; Cowie, CC; et al Prevalence of
diabetes,
impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in US adults:
The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994
Diabetes Care 214: 518-24, 1998
2 National Center for Health Statistics Healthy People 2000 Review, 1998-
99 Hyattsville, MD: Public Health Service, 1999
3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Diabetes Surveillance 1997
Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, 1997
Source:healthypeople.gov
